To test whether a 16x2 LCD works or not, connect the VDD, GND and backlight pins to 5v and GND. The typical value of the Rosc for 5V VCC is 91KOhms. The Rosc should be changed to a suitable value if any timing issues or command execution issues occur. when the supply voltage is reduced, the built-in clock frequency will also get reduced. This will enable us to use the LCD even with a VCC voltage of 3.3V.Īnother issue to be concerned about is the oscillator frequency, i.e. This modification will generate a negative contrast voltage of around 2.5V. You can modify your LCD to work with 3.3V by populating this IC and two 10uF capacitors to C1 and C2 footprint, removing Jumper J1 and adding jumper J3. These footprints are meant for charge pump circuits based on switched capacitor voltage converters like ICL7660 or MAX660. In the module PCB, you may have noticed some unpopulated footprints. The only remaining components are a few complimentary resistors for the LCD controller. This may vary from different modules from different manufacturers. There is an onboard current limiting resistor for the backlight. The main components are the two controller chips that are under the encapsulation. If you look at the backside of the module you can simply see that there are not many components. Out of these 16 pins, two pins are for power, two pins are for backlight, and the remaining twelve pins are for controlling the LCD. With just 6 pins, we can display a lot of data on the display. The 16x2 LCD modules are popular among the DIY community since they are cheap, easy to use and most importantly enable us to provide information very efficiently. Led-LED Backlight Ground (0V) 16x2 LCD Module – Parts After this we again make it ground that is, en=0. Usually, we set en=0, when we want to execute the instruction, we make it high en=1 for some milliseconds. Read/write Low to write to the register High to read from the registerĮnableSends data to data pins when a high to low pulse is given Extra voltage push is required to execute the instruction and EN (enable) signal is used for this purpose. RS Selects command register when low, and data register when high Rotate the potentiometer knob forward and backwards to adjust the LCD contrast. The output of the potentiometer is connected to this pin. Vo / VEE Contrast adjustment the best way is to use a variable resistor such as a potentiometer. And the connections are as follows:Īnd here are the pins and corresponding functions. In 4-bit mode, 4 of the data pins are not used and in 8-bit mode, all the pins are used. The module can be used either in 4-bit mode or in 8-bit mode. Even though there are LCDs with different controllers are available, The most widely used ones are based on the famous HD44780 parallel interface LCD controller from Hitachi. Here is a vector representation of a 16x2 LCD, in which you can see those individual pixels.Īs the name indicates, these character segments are arranged in 2 lines with 16 characters on each line. We can create alphanumeric characters and custom characters by activating the corresponding pixels. Each character segment is made up of 40 pixels that are arranged in a 5x8 matrix. It can display up to 32 characters at a time. Not only that, but you can also find them in many laboratory and industrial equipment. The 16x2 LCDs are very popular among the DIY community. In this tutorial, we will be talking about the 16X2 character LCD Modules. The LCDs use liquid crystals to produce images or texts and are divided into different categories based on different criteria like type of manufacturing, monochrome or colour, and weather Graphical or character LCD. In this digital age, we come across LCDs all around us from simple calculators to smartphones, computers and television sets, etc.
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